1) A narrowband sensor (as generally used stock on cars and bikes) have an output range of 0-1v
1. Wide = .1v to .9v frequency ~ Non-moving part.
2. Sensor - .1 to 5.0 frequency - Moving parts. Pg. 3-63 the APS(OL) and 02(CL) are the same = DC 4.75 - 5.25v
3. Narrow = .1 to .9v ~ Non-mover inside sans a chem react.
Narrow = Resistance is huge and is limited in range to catch up. Can it measure 10 to 22 AFR? Sure. Primitive and slow getting there however. Manufacturer still builds a wide/narrow to ping on/off that stoic target.
Wide = Heated the chemical reaction inside with 5v. Trickles down to sending a .1 to 9.v (non-moving part) kind of frequency up/down the wire = Toggle OFF when rich. Toggle ON when lean = Target is still aimed at "Lambda-14.7" no matter the bandwidth.
Same exact frequency is in the absolute same number that can be measured, but a resistance is in the way:
I scream to the top of my lungs, you can see the db ping to the same frequency = I am wide band.
I scream to the top of my lungs, I will have the same frequency, but I am screaming into a pillow = I am narrow in band width.
Ohm's Truth Table = Amp. My amperage rate is preset. I can squeeze out a peep or I can increase from there, give me a bullhorn not a pillow.
Ohm's Truth Table = Ohm. My ohm can be a pillow or a bullhorn, or a cone and yell into it. There is a preset resistance number-factor no matter how I mess with your abstract. Magnetism and Chemicals are our handcuffing in this world. Where are your mags and chems to match the volts out of the air? I see 14.7 and to me and my world it looks at frequency a whole different way than others we dissect that 02 sensor.
and they only measure over a very narrow region of AFR e.g. 13-15 AFR, they also have a non linear response with a switching point at or close to 14.7 AFR.
You are in a magnetic world and linear means 1v<<>^>2v3v4v5v. Between 1 and 2v there is a spike happening, you switch from on to off or vice verse. That arch is not a good signal. I think the under .9v is why if we use your abstract from saying a wide uses 0 to 5v is the 02's number range? What happens when it hit's the spike before it makes a square wave? I say you are under 1 volt so the frequency is clean? Again, I am saying I am sending the exact same frequency since the narrow can read the same exact number as a wide, chemically speaking. But that pillow is heating that "one wire 02" as opposed to having the heater [chemically] ready to go.
Chemically speaking, that AFR analog meter is going to read the sample faster being chemically heated sooner. The needle swings slower when it has to heat that 0ne wire 02 sensor and then chemically wait as it keeps heating the inside without an electrical assist of heating molecules but has to wait for the chemicals inside to react as they are cooling off when a cylinder is not firing past that sensor.
The parts used inside the wide causes a more linear response to the chemical reaction. Why? Stimulates the wides chemical makeup of the two dissimilar properties inside so the specimen is sampled faster = Wide as opposed to Narrow> In that time frame of heating the two dissimilar properties.
A wideband O2 sensor has a linear response over 0-5v and they measure much more accurately over a much larger AFR range typically 10-20 AFR. Wideband O2 sensors are much more suited to tuning. Both narrowband and wideband o2 sensors require a heating circuit to heat the sensor.
Turn the crank one full turn. Starting that crank was at 0. Until you stop, there was a peak of a rise and then it subsided and stopped once hitting 0 or no movement again. That both made a square wave and you could make an ocean wave inside that square so it meets in the middle of that full length square.
So if I said, I am going to capture a volt; know where that peak is; I am going to flip a flop right right there; because I can measure that peak frequency; make a toggle to go on or go off electronically on the motherboard; I type code and all that truth tabling so it matches and into the chip it goes. My chemical specimen also has a number designated to it and I know that number. So at peak volt between .1, I am going to smack .4444v or at peak wave is half between that 'under' .9v. I'm going to call .1v as rich and .9v as lean. So now I can flip-flop that puppy right there. Want to see the flip flopper on the motherboard that does this? Want to see the barracks of the binary start machining what file to find and pass the truth tabling going on before a 1 flips into that one barrack, then the next to a flop is a 1 or 0 and until those 8-bits are filled?
No offense, jwool, but I read abstract like I read Ivan and if you are getting that info off the net on some car site... Forgetaboutit! They now need to speak in computer language and know the parts on that motherboard or they speak not in the Penultimate. See if the hubshit makes more sense we heat up a molecule and check its temp? That chemmy molecule has an electrical number to it: like Ohm sets the table for it.
Tormenting the motorcycling community one post at a time